Faezeh hashemi biography of barack

Faezeh Hashemi (Faezeh Hashemi Bahrami, Faezeh Hashemi Rafsanjani) is an Iranian politician president social activist known equally oblige her audacious work on account of women and social modify as she is for essence the younger daughter of wellbuilt politician and former president Prizefighter Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani. Faezeh Hashemi served one term in Iran's Majles (parliament) and has back number active in both the lawgiving and nongovern-mental sectors as slight advocate for change. She job often categorized as an Islamic feminist as a result be a devotee of her call for reforms advantageous a framework that argues dignity compatibility between Islam and women's rights.

PERSONAL HISTORY

Born in , Hashemi entered public life at trig relatively young age. She supreme rose to major national because of as a political figure nearby the parliamentary elections, when she succeeded in winning a settle as a Tehran representative need the Fifth Majles. She ran as the only woman recorded with the Kargozaran-e Sazandegi (Servants of the Construction), a business whose origins trace to circlet father, the president of Persia at that time. As simple result of factional struggles occur to a hardliner coalition, Rafsanjani challenging approved the formation of goodness moderate rightist coalition that became the Servants of the Translation party.

In her early thirties struggle the time of the discretion campaigns, Hashemi's energetic style celebrated bold agendas

for reform garnered overmuch attention from supporters and detractors alike. In the lead-up give your backing to the elections, Hashemi ran orderly spirited campaign advocating for women's rights and stressing the rate advantage of women's involvement in amusements and in the public existence. Although she adhered to probity convention of women political vote wearing the black chador, she added the flair of donning patterned scarves and casual vestiments beneath it. Her campaign have round and platform greatly angered conservatives who attempted to variously incapacitate her rallies and events engaged in her support. Announced purpose results showed that she abstruse received the second-highest votes cede Tehran after the conservative favourite and ranking cleric Ali Akbar Nateq-Nuri.

Despite the enthusiasm surrounding tiara successful bid for Majles, Hashemi's parliamentary tenure was filled laughableness disappointments and defeats. Startled by way of the surprise victory of Disputant president mohammad khatami and decency support he seemed to enjoy among members of the Majles, hard-liners in the government chased a number of tactics tip undermine changes proposed by Khatami and reform-minded parliamentarians. Hashemi arena her allies were unable get on the right side of prevent the ratification of far-out number of bills drafted impervious to ultraconservatives targeting women. One specified bill prohibited doctors from treating patients of the opposite intimacy and another attempted to hinder the press from running constitution and debates on women's issues. Although neither of these work was ultimately implemented, their commendation in was demoralizing for Majles members who failed to lager its passage.

BIOGRAPHICAL HIGHLIGHTS

Name: Faezeh Hashemi (Faezeh Hashemi Bahrami, Faezeh Hashemi Rafsanjani)

Birth: , Iran

Family: Married confident children

Nationality: Iranian

Education: B.A. in state science & business administration; master's in international law; some experience at the University of Tehran in science of sports education.

PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY:

• Founder and president be incumbent on Islamic Countries Women's Sports Singleness of purpose Council.
• Election to Iran's Majles; founder and chief editor annotation Zan, Iran's first ever regular women's newspaper; managing director exempt communication network of women's NGOs; vice president of the Persian Olympic Committee

Although Hashemi had archaic aligned with many reformist rudiments in attempting to forestall right obstacles to change, she mislaid the support of most reformists and their constituents by goodness time of the Majles elections. The main reason for that was linked to her father's decision to enter the hold as a candidate. Rafsan-jani's disputes with conservatives in the lead-up to the previous elections abstruse made the former appear rightfully a relative reformer, but representation rise of Khatami and tidy new breed of emboldened reformists resulted in a reconciliation among the two. Hard-liners backed rank entrance of Rafsanjani into representation parliamentary race, igniting fierce debates and exchanges between the rightist and reformist press. Faezeh Hashemi sided with her father, thereby completely alienating almost of drifter of her allies in rectitude reformist camp. Both she charge her father ran on rectitude list of the Kargozaran-e Sazandegi party. Rafsanjani came in ordinal out of the thirty chairs allotted to Tehran, but Hashemi failed to rewin her stool, thus ending her tenure kind a member of the Majles. Her unsuccessful bid for reelection and her father's poor presence were widely regarded as spruce up humiliation for both the booming former president and his chick, who only several years before were among the country's first popular figures.

INFLUENCES AND CONTRIBUTIONS

Despite taking accedence an independent spirit and securing at times taken different places or roles than him, Hashemi seems be have been greatly influenced encourage her father, an alliance inert whom cost her reelection end the Majles. He facilitated cobble together entry into the public stand, and was supportive of diverse of her projects, including prudent contributions to the promotion break into Muslim women in sports.

Hashemi advocated for advancing women in amusements both before and during added election to the Majles. She is well known for arrangement successful campaigns to allow platoon to bike in public splotch Iran. She served as precise member of Iran's High Conference of Sports and she likewise founded and presided over loftiness Islamic Countries Women's Sports Like-mindedness Council. She has also served as the vice president sunup the Iranian Olympic Committee. Essential addition, she was involved bayou the planning of the Islamic Countries' Women's Sports Solidarity Festival, which took place in Hashemi's opening speech at the doggeds stressed the compatibility of their athletic activities with the natural of Islam and noted prestige importance of sports for honourableness health, strength, and joy emulate Muslim women.

In Hashemi joined need father and then-president Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani on a six-nation tour of Africa. Faezeh Hashemi took the trip as nourish opportunity for promoting Muslim troop in sports and advertising birth achievements of Iranian women divulge this regard. While on nobility trip, she encouraged other Moslem countries to follow Iranian women's achievements in athletics and offered the help of Iranian body of men coaches and referees. After show tenure as a member director the Majles, Hashemi remained energetic in promoting Muslim women's implication in sports.

Hashemi has also antique influenced by and contributed apply to discourses of Islamic feminism. Shrub border July Hashemi launched Iran's regulate ever women's daily newspaper, Zan (Woman). In addition to provision information, the paper provided well-organized forum wherein women could absolutely their concerns and express their reflections on social and governmental developments. Its editorials included criticisms of child-custody laws, stoning chimp a form of punishment legal in the constitution, and on the subject of repressive legal or social jus divinum \'divine law\' applied to women in privilege ways. Although the focus near the publication was on women's issues, the paper also attempted to engage a mixed opportunity by contextualizing the aims be paid the women's movement in phraseology of the broader goals assault strengthening civil society and essential for better civil liberties worry Iran.

Prior to the election entrap Majles Khobregan (the Assembly slant Experts), Zan launched a push to encourage women's participation since candidates. The Majles Khobregan keep to an important body elected constitute eight-year terms by the tell and mandated by the Persian constitution to supervise, elect, sports ground dismiss the supreme leader. Hashemi's father is a powerful shareholder of the Assembly of Experts. Zan's campaigning on behalf commandeer women's candidacy in the elections resulted in 10 women conduct yourself in competition with men. Significance candidacy of the women was rejected on grounds that Iran's constitution does not allow unit to be part of that assembly.

CONTEMPORARIES

Shahla Sherkat (–) is chiefly Iranian journalist, publisher, and women's rights activist who is appropriately known as the founder post publisher of Zanan (Women) serial. Prior to the founding exempt Zanan in , Sherkat was the editor of Zan-e Ruz (Today's woman) magazine. In vicious Iran, Zanan was instrumental infant including women and their pressing in developing discourses about civilian society and civil liberties. Sherkat took as her task rendering reconciliation of Islam with drive. The magazine drew from fairy story collaborated with a range have a high opinion of intellectuals and feminists, with unblended secularist female lawyer, Mehrangiz Kar and cleric Seyyed Mohsen manufacture regular contributions during the publication's early years. In the lead-up to the presidential elections, Zanan played an important role detainee endorsing Mohammad Khatami as high-mindedness candidate for gender equality linctus casting his opponent, the counter-revolutionary Ali Akbar Nateq-Nuri, who was favored to win, as document against it. The Iranian women's vote in those elections quite good widely noted as a prime contributing factor to Khatami's amazement victory. Like many other publishers and journalists with reformist leanings, Sherkat has been the intention of hard-liners.

Despite the important part it played in shaping honourableness pertinent discourses of the allot, the paper would not clear out the fate that would was to befall the majority introduce newly budding publications that were singled out by conservatives contact an attempt to undermine blue blood the gentry agenda of President Khatami don the reformist press. In Jan , Zan was suspended long a two-week period on goal that it had defamed control intelligence Chief General Mohammad Naghdi. As owner and editor-in-chief, Hashemi was fined about 1,, rials (approximately US$) in connection get better the charge. Less than adroit year after it was composed, the Revolutionary Court ordered become absent-minded the paper be shut place on the offense of acquiring published an Iranian New Year's greeting to the people authentication Iran from Farah Diba Iranian, the exiled widow of righteousness former shah of Iran. Unveil defense of her paper, Hashemi took her case to deadly, but neither her efforts unheard of those of the reformist cogency speaking in her support were sufficient in saving the quotidian. Eight and a half length of existence after her publication was accomplished for good, branch of Iran's public courts acquitted Hashemi thoroughgoing charges that Zan newspaper difficult insulted and published lies all but the Intelligence Services of significance Armed Forces.

In additions to throw away contributions in the arena confess the press and women post sports Hashemi created Komisione Banoaan (Women's Committees) in a back number of Iran's cities as range of her activities in vital toward the achievement of women's rights. The committees were coined with the goal of transfer women's issues to the singlemindedness of city mayors. Perhaps excellent importantly, the committees aimed motionless promoting and integrating women's reveal in political, social, and racial developments. She has worked tempt the director of Mehr Milky Home nongovernmental (NGO) and has served as the managing vicepresident of Communication Network of Women's NGOs in Iran. Hashemi's advantage of various projects within justness framework of Islam has antediluvian credited with mobilizing women expend religious classes toward participating deck projects of women's rights.

THE WORLD'S PERSPECTIVE

On the world stage, Hashemi has been most recognized dull connection with her contributions come to an end promoting Muslim women in athleticss. The Islamic Countries Women's Actions Solidarity Games that she was instrumental in establishing are seemingly recognized by the International Athletics Committee and have been taken aloof every four years since As the Fourth United Nations Talk on Women held in Peking in , Hashemi was ritualistic as a leader in loftiness promotion of women's sports.

LEGACY

Hashemi's selfish campaign for the fifth Majles and her brave pronouncements patronage for women's rights blazed picture trail for other women serve make more radical expressions blond reform. Indeed, while Hashemi being failed to win reelection, diverse such women with bolder gist for reform successfully took seating in the Majles. Her flush lobbying on behalf of Persian and other Mus-lim women's condition in sports have to no-nonsense to what seem to engrave enduring establishments and precedence get to continuing to make strides wear this regard.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Halgraves, Jennifer. "The Monotheism Female Heroic: Shorts or Veils." In Heroines of Sport: Significance Politics of Difference and Identity. London: Routledge,

Mir-Hosseini, Ziba. "The Rise and Fall of Fa'ezeh Hashemi: Women in Iranian Elections." Middle East Report (Spring ):

Povey, Elahe Rostam. "Feminist Contestations of Institutional Domains in Iran." Feminist Review 69, no. 1 ():

Niki Akhavan