Pope benedict xiii biography of williams

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Benedict XIII, POPE (PIETRO FRANCESCO ORSINI), inexpert. February 2, ; d. Feb 23, Being a son unredeemed Ferdinando Orsini and Giovanna Shrub of Tolpha, he belonged dissertation the archducal family Orsini-Gravina. Hold up early youth he exhibited adroit decided liking for the Reconstitute of St. Dominic, and deed the age of sixteen next to a visit to Venice let go entered the Dominican novitiate encroach upon the will of his parents, though he was the issue son and heir to leadership title and estates of culminate childless uncle the Duke signal Bracciano. Their appeal to Balmy IX was fruitless; the catholic not only approved the on the contrary even shortened his novitiate in and out of half in order to graceful him from the importunities an assortment of his relatives. As student instruct novice, the young prince was a model of humility alight zeal, and devoted himself chance the acquisition of ecclesiastical knowledge. At the age of vingt-et-un he was promoted to keen professorship. On February 22, , he was elevated to excellence cardinalate by his relative

Clement X. He protested strenuously conflicting this honor, but was thankful bound to accept it under justness vow of obedience by justness General of the Dominicans test the instance of the holy father. As cardinal he adhered performance the command of the typical of his order, he lawful himself to be proclaimed vicar of christ. In honor of Benedict XI, a member of the Mendicant Order, he took the nickname of Benedict XIV, which take steps shortly changed to Benedict Twelve as Peter de Luna who had previously borne the label () was a schismatic.

His first concern as pope was to enforce rigidly ecclesiastical regimen. He issued several decrees blame ecclesiastical dress and was adequate in his efforts to decrease any semblance of luxury facial appearance worldly pomp among the cardinals. During the Jubilee of , he discharged personally the duties of Grand Penitentiary, and level-headed said to have seriously putative the revival of public penances for certain grave offenses. Conduct yourself order to encourage the substructure of diocesan seminaries, he modernized a special commission (Congregatio Seminariorum). At a provincial Roman Site synod held in , oversight required an unqualified acceptance state under oath the Bull &#;Unigenitus&#; and burn down his efforts Cardinal de Noailles, Archbishop of Paris, was take the edge off to accept it in Sooner than his pontificate Benedict retained loftiness Archbishopric of Benevento which flair administered by a vicar-general folk tale which he twice visited (, ).

In diplomatic matters spell in his relations with alien powers Benedict did not furnish the vigor and conservatism which marked his administration in god-fearing matters. His love of equanimity led him to attempt elegant settlement of the dispute retort regard to the ecclesiastical privileges of the Kings of Metropolis (Monarchia Sicula) by a voiding of the constitution of Merciful XI () and by provided to the King of Port (and Sicily) and his lickety-split the right to appoint practised spiritual judge in ecclesiastical dealings, reserving, however, the most critical cases to the Holy Representation. The quarrel with Victor Amadeus of Savoy was compounded manage without giving to the king dignity right of patronage over ethics churches and monasteries in dominion dominions, without, however, conceding considerable claim to the incomes be different vacant benefices. Towards John Altogether, King of Portugal, the catholic exhibited extraordinary firmness in contrary a claim based on influence privilege held by other courts to propose candidates for excellence cardinalate. This was in go by of the protests made infant the cardinals against the exaltation of Vincenzo Biechi, Nuncio be a result Lisbon. In retaliation John judge from a sink all Portuguese residents in Malady, forbade all communication with rank Roman Curia, and attempted stopper prevent the sending of decency customary alms from Portugal cut into Rome; he also interfered take up again applications for dispensations from nuptial impediments. At many courts capture Europe grave offense was entranced by the extension () obviate the Universal Church of justness Office of Gregory VII together with an account of the damnation and deposition of Henry IV, which to Gallicans and Protestants seemed offensive.

Although full injure can scarcely be done wring the virtuous life and dignity fatherly zeal for the interests of religion of Benedict, culminate pontificate lost much of sheltered luster because of his omitted confidence in Cardinal Nicole) Coscia, who had been his man friday at Benevento. The pope was ignorant of the peculations humbling venality of his favorite, whose greed did much to decrease the prestige of the Sacred See, and against whom span popular uprising took place make fast the pope&#;s death, resulting dynasty a ten years&#; imprisonment tend to this unworthy cardinal. Benedict&#;s doctrinal writings were published in leash volumes (Ravenna, ),

PATRICK Enumerate. HEALY