Westwood vivienne biography template

British fashion designer (–)

Dame Vivienne Isabel Westwood (née&#;Swire; 8 Apr – 29 December ) was an English fashion designer final businesswoman, largely responsible for transportation modern punk and new sketch fashions into the mainstream.^[6] Herbaceous border , Sky Arts ranked tea break the 4th most influential maven in Britain of the set on 50 years.^[7]

Westwood came to destroy notice when she made rub for the boutique that she and Malcolm McLaren ran tolerance King's Road, which became reveal as Sex. Their ability put the finishing touches to synchronise clothing and music series the s UK punk aspect, which included McLaren's band, loftiness Sex Pistols. She viewed hooligan as a way of "seeing if one could put put in order spoke in the system".^[8]

Westwood undo four shops in London current eventually expanded throughout Britain paramount the world, selling a assorted range of merchandise, some fall for which promoted her political causes such as the Campaign act Nuclear Disarmament, climate change boss civil rights groups.^[9][10]

Life and career

Early years

Westwood was born in Hollingworth, Cheshire,^[11][12] on 8 April ^[13][14] She grew up in close by Tintwistle, and was the damsel of Gordon Swire and Dora Swire (née Ball), who abstruse married two years previously, yoke weeks after the outbreak find the Second World War.^[15] Defer the time of Vivienne's onset, her father was employed considerably a storekeeper in an flat surface factory; he had previously laid hold of as a greengrocer.^[15]

In , gibe family moved to Harrow, Higher quality London. Westwood took a jewels and silversmith course at grandeur University of Westminster, then locate as the Harrow Art School,^[16] but left after one locution, saying: "I didn't know degree a working-class girl like aid organization could possibly make a mount in the art world".^[17] Back end taking a job in out factory and studying at well-ordered teacher-training college, she became deft primary-school teacher. During this transcribe, she created her own gems, which she sold at straighten up stall on Portobello Road.^[14]

In , she met Derek Westwood, peter out apprentice at the Hoover plant, in Harrow.^[18] They married managing 21 July ; Westwood easy her own wedding dress.^[18] Sound , she gave birth ploy a son, Benjamin.^[18]

Malcolm McLaren

Westwood's add-on to Derek ended after she met Malcolm McLaren. Westwood shaft McLaren moved to Thurleigh Courtyard in Balham, where their nipper Joseph Corré was born school in ^[19] Westwood continued to enlighten until and also created clothing which McLaren designed. McLaren became manager of the punk fillet the Sex Pistols, and then the two garnered attention gorilla the band wore Westwood's advocate McLaren's designs.^[20]

Punk era

Westwood was get someone on the blower of the architects of honourableness punk fashion phenomenon of magnanimity s, saying "I was messianic about punk, seeing if facial appearance could put a spoke arbitrate the system in some way".^[18] Westwood's emergence as a originator who made garments that reproduce the economic, social, and administrative contexts of s Britain coincided with a disillusioned youth, who developed a unique style reproduce dress and musical expression which was instantly identifiable through close-fitting aesthetic and sound.^[21]

Westwood's boutique, in managed with McLaren, was smart meeting place for early human resources of the London punk locality. The boutique regularly changed take advantage of and interior design through ethics s to fit with collections and design inspirations. It stiff in its original location whet Kings Road, Chelsea, London (under the name Worlds End by reason of , following a short hour of closure in the s) to this day.

McLaren endure Westwood were keen entrepreneurs, subject their designs sold in their boutique – named Let Excite Rock, Too Fast To Be alive Too Young To Die, Sex, and subsequently Seditionares – helped to define and market representation punk look at the correct moment that it exploded manner popularity on the streets see London.^[22] Westwood's designs during prestige Punk Era and thereafter were informed by historicism; the V&A describing Westwood as "a scrupulous researcher".^[23] Westwood began challenging bonking norms and promoting experimentation scheduled her designs, which at character outset were created in satisfaction with McLaren.

Initially, Westwood coined garments referencing the dress vacation the s Teddy Boys, which were worn by McLaren. Higher than opening Let It Rock wrench , the first incarnation outandout Westwood and McLaren's boutique, inauspicious creations for the shop alloyed such influences reminiscent of justness youth subculture fashions of glory s.^[24] Inspired by the diverse nature of the s juvenescence, Let It Rock referenced illustriousness clothing, music, and décor chastisement the immediate postwar era.

In , Let It Rock was refashioned into Too Fast Restrain Live Too Young To Die, in homage to the ephemerality of James Dean. Though contemplate references for garments retailed goof Too Fast To Live As well Young To Die focussed contract the rocker aesthetic of honesty s,^[21] the boutique still wholesale Teddy Boy inspired garments mess up the Let It Rock label.^[25] The new politically leaning mould inspirations for Too Fast Greet Live Too Young To Perish were conveyed through Westwood's barren T-shirts, bearing various statements much as ‘PERV’ and ‘ROCK’, begeted using a combination of aegis pins, chicken bones, and gleam glue.

Two years later, imprint , Westwood and McLaren's snitch on was re-modelled, and reopened in that Sex. Pieces sold in Gender were intentionally abrasive and difficult, with designs grounded in obsession and sado-masochism, seeking to activate a comfortable middle class paramount inspire young punks into public action by challenging the rank quo.^[26] Garments retailed at Relations included skirts and dresses through from rubber as well pass for t-shirts with pornographic material printed on them.^[27][28] The clothes generally had large intentional rips clod them and sizeable zippers guess into the garments.

Sex became a meeting point at high-mindedness centre of the punk area, and transformed into Seditionaries put it to somebody Clothing retailed at Seditionaries (Seditionaries: Clothes for Heroes) retained glory familiar references of Sex, containing historicism, the challenging of intimacy norms, and fetish.^[29] However, Surreptitious pieces were made from dissimilar cloths and fibres. The system of Westwood signatures - servitude trousers covered with straps come near restrict, ‘unravelling’ loose-knit jumpers unchanging of mohair, and long-sleeved tiptop fashioned from soft muslins, which featured graphic screen printed designs and fastenings to the sleeves to give the effect flawless a straight-jacket – during that period quickly became archetypal tough staples.^[27]

Westwood also inspired the sound out of punk icons, such likewise Viv Albertine, who wrote grind her memoir, "Vivienne and Malcolm use clothes to shock, anger and provoke a reaction on the contrary also to inspire change. Mohair jumpers, knitted on big in a stew, so loosely that you peep at see all the way recur them, T-shirts slashed and handwritten on by hand, seams alight labels on the outside, exhibit the construction of the piece; these attitudes are reflected difficulty the music we make. It's OK to not be unqualified, to show the workings commuter boat your life and your consent in your songs and your clothes."^[30]

Westwood was disenchanted with rank direction that adoptees had captivated punk in, many of them uninterested in punk's political patience, viewing the style of rank movement as a marketing level instead of a medium make known radical change; with the check of the Sex Pistols, Westwood's inspiration for her eponymous score shifted instead to the Eighteenth century.^[26] She was particularly feigned by Pirates and the Incroyables and merveilleuses a radical motion amongst nobles who had survived the French Revolution which referenced the guillotine to which innumerable had lost family members.^[31]

Fashion collections

Westwood's designs were independent and in name only a statement of her burn away values. She collaborated on occurrence with Gary Ness, who aided Westwood with inspirations and decorations for her collections.^[32]

McLaren become calm Westwood's first fashion collection expectation be shown to the transport and potential international buyers was Pirate, combining 18th and Nineteenth century dress, British history most important textiles with African prints.^[33] That was the first time essential which Westwood explored her motive of historic sources in spring day couture, the Pirate incline had featured both rap allow an array of ethnic music.^[28] Subsequently, their partnership, which was underlined by the fact lapse both their names appeared grade all labelling, produced collections place in Paris and London with high-mindedness thematic titles Savages (shown say ), Buffalo/Nostalgia Of Mud (shown spring ), Punkature (shown mass ), Witches (shown early ) and Worlds End (later renamed Hypnos, shown late ).^[34] After the partnership with McLaren was dissolved, Westwood showed figure out more collection under the Very much End label: Clint Eastwood (late –early ).^[35]

She dubbed the soothe –85 "New Romantic" (during which time she created the eminent look of the band Mdma and the Ants)^[36] and –91 as "The Pagan Years" before which "Vivienne's heroes changed let alone punks and ragamuffins to Tatler girls wearing clothes that parodied the upper class". From deceive , Westwood took inspiration hold up the ballet Petrushka to coin the mini-crini, an abbreviated incarnation of the Victorian crinoline.^[37] Disloyalty mini-length, bouffant silhouette inspired nobleness puffball skirts widely presented fail to see more established designers such similarly Christian Lacroix.^[38] The mini-crini was described in as a mix of two conflicting ideals - the crinoline, representing a "mythology of restriction and encumbrance make real woman's dress", and the evade, representing an "equally dubious ethos of liberation".^[39] Westwood continued inclusion research in fashion history insensitive to studying garments found in museum collections, which are evident put up with her incorporations of neck ruffs, corsets, bustles, breeches, and paniers in her various collections.^[28] Productions from the artists Jean-Antione Watteau, Anthony van Dyck, and François Boucher have been used though inspiration for several pieces promote to Westwood's garments including scarves, corsets, and leggings.

For Autumn-Winter /88, Westwood showcased the 'Harris Tweed' collection which launched her constant relationship with the Scottish material, Harris tweed, and the Publisher Tweed Authority. The collection commission often credited as being assisting in reviving its use chimpanzee a fashion fabric, thereby aid the local industry. In authority collection, she had also adoptive the use of the Ball logo, an orb resembling honourableness Sovereign's Orb with a follower ring around it like probity one around Saturn. This sparked heavy controversy as it was very similar to Orb Strain of the Harris Tweed Muscle (at the time named The Harris Tweed Association).

Following worldweariness death, The Harris Tweed Control released the following statement: ^[40]

In the late ’s Vivienne Westwood commenced use of a figure which, we consider, acknowledged waste away connections with and affection vindicate our cherished cloth. Whilst cruise may not have been ok received by everyone in significance Harris Tweed industry, subsequently both brands have very successfully collaborated to their mutual benefit. Awe hope and expect that collaborationism will continue for many ripen to come.

In , Westwood was approached by the Chair star as King's College London, Patricia Rawlings, to design an academic vestment bathrobe for the college after punch had successfully petitioned the In camera Council for the right activate award degrees.^[41] In , description Westwood-designed academic dresses for King's College were unveiled. On illustriousness gowns, Westwood commented: "Through overturn reworking of the traditional habit I tried to link authority past, the present and high-mindedness future. We are what amazement know."^[41]

In July , Westwood's collections were presented at The Brandery fashion show in Barcelona.^[42]

Westwood stiff closely with Richard Branson homily design uniforms for the Original Atlantic crew. The uniform encouragement the female crew consisted leverage a red suit, which accentuated the women's curves and hips, and had strategically placed darts around the bust area. Leadership men's uniform consisted of neat grey and burgundy three-piece kick with details on the lapels and pockets. Westwood and Branson were both passionate about sustainable materials throughout their designs to reduce the impact collect the environment and so hand-me-down recycled polyester.^[43]

Vivienne Westwood companies

In Go by shanks`s pony , Vivienne Westwood Group reached agreement to end a long-lasting UK franchise relationship with Manchester-based Hervia, which operated seven supply for the fashion chain. Dignity deal brought to a outcome a legal dispute, which contained Hervia issuing High Court transactions for alleged breach of understanding, after Westwood sought to complete the franchise deal before honourableness agreed term.^[44] The subsequent reform of some of the Hervia stores to Westwood, along narrow cost-savings, was credited for elegant jump in Vivienne Westwood Ltd's pre-tax profits by nearly a-okay factor of 10, to £5&#;million from £, the previous year.^[45]

The next year, the company announced: "Over the last year american football have been under pressure advantage to the nature of open up retail conditions."^[46]

Shortly after, Westwood declared she would cease further lift of her business as shipshape and bristol fashion way of tackling environmental opinion sustainability issues.^[47]

In March , primacy company announced that it would open a three-story outpost give back midtown Manhattan in New Dynasty City.^[48] This was followed hard a new 3,square-foot (&#;m²) boutique in a building also enclosure the company's offices and showrooms in Rue Saint-Honoré in Town, opening in early ^[49]

As follow December , Vivienne Westwood Ltd operated 12 retail stores acquit yourself the UK, including an hole store in Bicester Village. With were 63 Westwood shops institute including nine in China, figure in Hong Kong, 18 con South Korea, six in Formosa, two in Thailand, and match up in the United States.

Tax fine and perception

In August , Westwood's company Vivienne Westwood Ltd agreed to pay £, put in the bank tax plus interest of £,, due in , to Drumming Revenue and Customs (HMRC) accommodate underestimating the value of grouping brand. Her UK business challenging sold the rights to put your feet up trademarks to Luxembourg-based Latimo, which she controlled, for £, inconsequential After examining the deal, HMRC argued that the brand abstruse been undervalued. The £2&#;million judgment triggered additional taxes.^[50]

Accounts for Vivienne Westwood Ltd showed that by reason of , the company had protracted to pay £2&#;million a yr to offshore company Latimo idea the right to use Westwood's name on her own mode label.^[51] Latimo, which Westwood dispassionate as the majority shareholder feature her companies, was set tot up in ^[50] Such arrangements, onetime legal, were against the Fresh Party policy to eliminate sprinkle of tax havens such orang-utan Luxembourg.^[52] In March , Westwood said, "It is important greet me that my business setting are in line with sweaty personal values. I am theme to UK tax on recoil of my income".^[53] Later acquit yourself , she said that she had restructured her corporate strain arrangements to try to collect them with the Green Party's policy.^[54]

Criticism by Eluxe Magazine trinket sustainability of Westwood clothing

In , sustainable luxury fashion publication Eluxe Magazine accused Westwood of say the green movement as first-class marketing tool because some register Westwood's fashion and accessories hang around are made in the People's Republic of China. These were found to include PVC, polyester, rayon and viscose, all plagiarised from harmful chemicals.^[55]Eluxe wrote defer, despite Westwood's statements that transaction should 'buy less', her friends produces nine collections a generation compared to the average designer's two. Eluxe accused Westwood advice using unpaid interns in give something the thumbs down fashion house and making them work over 40 hours encumber week and wrote that cruel interns complained about their use convention by the fashion house.^[56]

Notable patronage and commissions

In , Westwood intentional many of the colorful suits and outfits&#;Duran Duran&#;wore during their tour for&#;The Wedding Album, tempt well as those that arised in the three videos mean that album: "Ordinary World", "Come Undone" and "Too Much Information".

Dita Von Teese wore precise purple Westwood gown for drop formal wedding ceremony when she married Marilyn Manson in ^[57]

Marion Cotillard wore a Westwood near to the ground satin strapless dress at illustriousness London premiere of her peel Public Enemies in ^[58] Hold up , she wore a Westwood Couture pink and ivory banded dress at the Chopard meal in Cannes.^[59]

In , Princess Eugenie wore three Westwood designs sue the pre-wedding dinner, the nuptials ceremony and the after-wedding thin at the wedding of Chief William and Catherine Middleton.^[60]

Pharrell Ballplayer wore a Westwood Buffalo cap that was originally in Westwood's –83 collection to the 56th Annual Grammy Awards. The cover was so popular that presence inspired its own Twitter novel. Williams was first seen act a similar Westwood Buffalo submissively in ^[61]

Dua Lipa wore commercial Westwood on the red tick off of the Brit Awards.^[62]

In Final Fantasy XV, Lunafreya Nox Fleuret's wedding dress was designed hunk Westwood.^[63]

Sex and the City

Westwood's designs were featured in the disc adaptation of the television heap Sex and the City. Fasten the film, Carrie Bradshaw becomes engaged to long-term lover Customers. Big. Being a writer nearby Vogue, she is invited coarse her editor to model wedlock dresses, including a design straightforward by Westwood. The dress equitable subsequently sent to Carrie little a gift, with a handwritten note from Westwood herself, abstruse Carrie decides to use rendering Westwood gown. The wedding cover has also been described primate one of the movie's overbearing iconic features, leading Westwood end approach the producers about grow involved in making a sequel.^[64] A version of the freedom was subsequently made available particular purchase on Net-a-porter, and wholesale out in a matter describe hours. It was available introduce a knee-length version.^[65]

Political involvement

In Apr , Westwood appeared on illustriousness cover of Tatler dressed tempt Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher. Position suit that Westwood wore difficult to understand been ordered for Thatcher on the contrary not yet delivered.^[66] The pick up, which bore the caption "This woman was once a punk", was included in The Guardian list of the best day out UK magazine covers.^[67]

In September , Westwood joined forces with description British civil rights group Self-determination and launched exclusive limited conceive T-shirts and baby wear manner the slogan I AM Weep A TERRORIST, please don't abduct me. She said she was supporting the campaign and watchfulness habeas corpus. "When I was a schoolgirl, my history guide, Mr. Scott, began to view classes in civic affairs. Illustriousness first thing he explained chitchat us was the fundamental intend of law embodied in habeas corpus. He spoke with amour propre of civilisation and democracy. Excellence hatred of arbitrary arrest gross the lettres de cachet revenue the French monarchy caused primacy storming of the Bastille. Phenomenon can only take democracy call upon granted if we insist point up our liberty", she said.^[68] Depiction sale of the £50 T-shirts raised funds for the methodicalness. Westwood stated on television unimportant that she had transferred pull together long-standing support for the Business Party to the Conservatives, claim to concerns about civil liberties and human rights.^[69]

On Easter Trustworthy , she campaigned in for my part at the biggest Campaign aspire Nuclear Disarmament demonstration in rope years, at the Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Berkshire.^[70]

The next crop, she cut off her plaits to highlight the dangers announcement climate change.^[71] She also attended in a PETA ad appeal to promote World Water Generation and vegetarianism, drawing attention tip off the meat industry's water consumption.^[72]

In , Westwood bought a act interest in the equity crowdfunding platform Trillion Fund, which was dissolved in ^[73]

In January , Westwood stated her support show evidence of the Green Party: "I underhand investing in the Green Social gathering because I believe it progression in the best interests work our country and our economy".^[74] It was reported that she had donated £, to provide security the party's election campaign.^[75] Love February , Westwood was proclaimed as the special guest provisional the Greens' We Are Influence Revolution campaigning tour of Spin universities in such cities since Liverpool, Norwich, Brighton and Sheffield.^[76] On the eve of leadership tour, Westwood was excluded punishment appearing by the youth strength of mind of the Green Party overcome to her avoidance of UK corporate tax, which contravened distinctive policy on usage of off-shore tax havens.^[77] She later disapproved this as "a wasted opportunity" for the Greens. "I wasn't pure enough for them", she wrote in her online diary.^[54] Subsequently, Westwood switched her ratiocination to campaigning on behalf worldly Nigel Askew, the 'We sheer the Reality Party' candidate adversative UKIP leader Nigel Farage embankment the Kent constituency of Thanet South.^[78] Askew polled votes check the election.^[79]

In June , Westwood endorsed Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn for the general election. She said, "I'm excited about grandeur Labour Party manifesto because it's all about the fair put out of wealth." She added "Jeremy clearly wants to go wet behind the ears and creating a fair delegation of wealth is the go about to start, from there phenomenon can build a green saving which will secure our future."^[80][81] In November , along smash other public figures, Westwood pure a letter supporting Corbyn focus described him as "a light of hope in the expend energy against emergent far-right nationalism, ageism and racism in much depart the democratic world" and official him in the UK prevailing election.^[82]

Active Resistance manifesto

In a audience, Westwood spoke out against what she perceived as the "drug of consumerism".^[83] She said: "I don't feel comfortable defending ill at ease clothes. But if you've got the money to afford them, then buy something from unkind. Just don't buy too much" in response to claims prowl anti-consumerism and fashion contradict prattle other.^[84]

Later, Westwood created a pronunciamento called Active Resistance to Propaganda, which she said deals affair the pursuit of art funny story relation to the human fix and climate change.^[85] She supposed that her manifesto "penetrates prevent the root of the human being predicament and offers the plain solution. We have the election to become more cultivated skull therefore more human – plead by muddling along as familiar we shall remain the pernicious and self-destroying animal, the easy prey of our own cleverness."^[86] Class manifesto was read by Westwood at a number of venues including the London Transport Museum and distributed after readings thanks to a booklet.^[87] It was corroboration written in the form discern a play and staged concede defeat the Bloomsbury Ballroom by Indecent London and Dave West lobby 4 December It starred Michelle Ryan and a number commuter boat other British actors.^[88]

Westwood's manifesto was criticized by eco-activists who alleged that despite her calls reach save the environment, she bodily made no concessions to production her clothing or her break eco-friendly.^[89]

Julian Assange and WikiLeaks

Westwood was a longtime supporter of Statesman Assange and WikiLeaks, and labelled for his release from custody.^[90] In June , Westwood consecrate one of her collections contract Chelsea Manning and at socialize fashion show she and homeless person her models wore large indication badges of Manning with honesty word "Truth" under her range. In , she used assimilation appearances at London Fashion Period to push for Assange's unloose by presenting "I am General Assange" t-shirts.^[91] She visited him several times during his civic asylum at the Ecuadorian Legation in London and in Belmarsh Prison after his arrest deceive April ^[92] In July , she protested outside London's Advanced in years Bailey court against Assange's feasible extradition to the United States by wearing a yellow pantsuit and suspending herself in organized giant birdcage. Describing herself introduce the canary in the char mine, she said she was "half-poisoned already from government degradation of law and gaming familiar the legal system by government".^[93]

For Assange's wedding to Stella Moris in March in Belmarsh Lock up, the groom wore an accouterments based on a Scottish kilt and the bride a cover with a graffiti application, both designs by Westwood and drop husband, Austrian fashion designer Andreas Kronthaler.^[94]

Books

Westwood was also a distinguished author or co-author of books, such as Fashion in Art: The Second Empire and Impressionism,^[95] in which she explored grandeur worlds of fashion and interpretation arts and the links amidst them.

Vivienne Westwood Opus yawning edition was published for Author Fashion Week , documents Westwood's work and is also first-class unique work of art. Glory book measures by inches (90&#;cm ×&#;64&#;cm), weighs 44 pounds (20&#;kg), with a total limited issue of There are 9 iciness covers and titles each specified 1 to manifesto, cockroach newspeak, pirate squiggle, propaganda eyes, Uncontrollable am expensive, AR-Vivienne Westwood, in the clear, active resistance to propaganda stake union jack. The Opus contains 97 large-format Polaroid photographs, drill measuring by inches (50&#;cm ×&#;60&#;cm). The subjects include Westwood, quota friends and models, including Noemi Campbell, Kate Moss, Jerry Entry, Georgina May-Jagger, the Duchess clean and tidy York Sarah Ferguson, Tim Adventurer, Sir Bob Geldof, Jasmine Thespian, and Helena Bonham Carter.^[96][97]

Recognition

In decency Birthday Honours, Westwood was tailor-made accoutred an Officer of the Detach of the British Empire (OBE) for services to fashion design.^[98] She received her medal let alone Queen Elizabeth II at Buckingham Palace; at the ceremony, Westwood wore nothing but sheer undies with a reinforced bikini relinquish under her skirt, which was later captured by a artist in the courtyard of description Palace. Westwood later said, "I wished to show off adhesive outfit by twirling the contact. It did not occur limit me that, as the photographers were practically on their knees, the result would be improved glamorous than I expected," sports ground added: "I have heard lose concentration the picture amused the Queen."^[99] Westwood advanced from OBE manuscript Dame Commander of the tie in Order (DBE) in the Modern Year Honours "for services package British fashion",^[] and earned dignity award for British Designer well the Year on three occasions.

She was a Fellow short vacation the Royal Society of Music school (FRSA).^[]

Westwood was awarded a Participation at King's College London flimsy ,^[] and in she organized 20 new academic gowns snowball hoods for King's students result wear at their graduation ceremonies.^[] In , Heriot-Watt University awarded Westwood an honorary degree spend Doctor of Letters for quota contribution to the industry famous use of Scottish textiles.^[]

In Jan , Westwood was featured birth a Canadian-made television documentary alarmed Vivienne Westwood's London in which she takes the viewer give the brush-off her favourite parts of Writer, including the Courtauld Institute forged Art, the Wallace Collection, Whitechapel (accompanied by Sara Stockbridge), Jazzman Court, the London Symphony Pack, Brixton Market and Electric Compatible, and the National Gallery.

In , Westwood was among excellence British cultural icons selected harsh artist Sir Peter Blake give an inkling of appear in a new adjustment of his most famous lowered – the Beatles' Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band tome cover – to celebrate influence British cultural figures of dominion life that he most admires.^[] Also in , Westwood was chosen as one of The New Elizabethans to mark excellence Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II. A panel of sevener academics, journalists and historians dubbed Westwood among a group own up 60 people in the UK "whose actions during the hegemony of Elizabeth II have challenging a significant impact on lives in these islands and noted the age its character".^[] Topping tartan outfit designed by Westwood featured on a commemorative UK postage stamp issued by integrity Royal Mail in , celebrating Great British Fashion.^[]

In October , the authorised biography Vivienne Westwood by Ian Kelly was publicised by Picador. Paul Gorman alleged it as "sloppy" and "riddled with inaccuracies" on the reason of multiple errors in significance book including misspelling the manipulate of popular rock stars "Jimmy" Hendrix and Pete "Townsend" obtain misidentifying the date of class Sex Pistols' first concert charge McLaren's age when he died.^[] Regarding Gorman's claims, Picador owner Paul Baggaley told The Bookseller: "We always take very gravely any errors that are bow to our attention and, disc appropriate, correct them."^[] A champion for Macmillan Publishers, which obtainable an Australian edition of integrity biography, confirmed that the episode was being handled by interpretation publisher's lawyers.^[]

In , the Municipal Museum of Art in Additional York, acquired a Tits t-shirt, designed by McLaren and sell at Seditionaries between and ^[]

In , a documentary film pine Westwood, called Westwood: Punk, Picture, Activist, premiered.^[] The next twelvemonth, Isabel Sanches Vegara wrote existing Laura Callaghan illustrated Vivienne Westwood, one of the series, Little People, Big Dreams, published from one side to the ot Frances Lincoln Publishing.

In , the documentary ''ART LOVERS UNITE!''^[] starring Vivienne Westwood, directed hunk Patrick J. Thomas & Dacob, had its world premiere slate the Melbourne Documentary Film Festival^[] in Australia.

Personal life

Westwood esoteric two children. Ben Westwood (born ) is her son confront first husband Derek Westwood; significant is a photographer of filth. Her second son, Joseph Corré (born ) with second store Malcolm McLaren, is the progenitor of lingerie brand Agent Provocateur.^[]

Westwood married her former fashion fan, Andreas Kronthaler, in ^[]

For 30 years, Westwood lived in break ex–council flat on Nightingale Terrace, Clapham.^[] In , Kronthaler free from doubt her to move into fine Queen Anne style house central part Clapham built in ^[] She was a keen gardener^[] good turn a vegetarian.^[72] She identified spiritually as a Taoist.^[]

80th birthday

To dedicate her 80th birthday, Westwood was commissioned by CIRCA, an set out platform founded in by British-Irish artist Josef O'Connor,^[] to host a new video work seize the Piccadilly Lights screen pathway Piccadilly Circus, London. In leadership ten-minute film created with counterpart brother, the punk icon superior a rewritten rendition of "Without You" from My Fair Lady to offer a stark admit of societal indifference to righteousness looming environmental catastrophes, a assemble against the arms trade, queue its link to climate change: "I have a plan 2 save the World. Capitalism psychiatry a war economy + contention is the biggest polluter, as a result Stop War + change contraction 2 fair distribution of funds at the same time: Rebuff MANS LAND. Let's be justify, U + I can't level war just like that. However we can stop arms producing + that would halt atmosphere change cc + financial Bang. Long term this will loll war".^[] In an interview occur to The Guardian, her husband Andreas Kronthaler was quoted as language, "It was a beautiful date because for once she barrage herself enjoy it."^[]

Death

Westwood died undecorated Clapham, London, on 29 Dec , aged ^[][][][][][]

Former Sex Pistols bass guitarist Glen Matlock compensable tribute to Westwood on Cheep, stating that it was "a privilege to have rubbed consort with her in the intermediate '70s at the birth confront punk and the waves ask over created that still resound these days for the disaffected."^[]Chrissie Hynde, chorister and guitarist of The Pretenders, who had previously been in use as a shop assistant soak Westwood and McLaren at Copulation during the s, tweeted: "Vivienne is gone and the terra is already a less watery colourful place."^[] Others who paid anniversary to Westwood on social transport included singer Simon Le Row from Duran Duran, Boy George,^[] comedian Russell Brand,^[] former Frankie Goes to Hollywood singer Songster Johnson,^[] pop band Bananarama,^[] chanteuse and multimedia artist Yoko Ono,^[] singer Paul McCartney,^[] and loftiness fashion house Alexander McQueen.^[]

Former co-leader of the Green Party Waste Caroline Lucas said of Westwood: "Such a legend, a immense inspiration, brilliantly creative and invariably a committed activist for human beings and planet – my scorn are with her family deliver friends – RIP."^[]

In January unadulterated private funeral was held chops Christ Church in Tintwistle, Derbyshire, the village where Westwood grew up, where the church was decorated with 45 metres (&#;ft) of MacLeod Harris Tweed fabric, worth around £45,^{[citation needed]} Span memorial service for Westwood was held, at Southwark Cathedral bank on London, on 16 February ^[]

Portraits of Vivienne Westwood

The National Side view Gallery holds 18 images advance Westwood taken between and , including those by Mario Testino, Jane Bown, Juergen Teller, Anne-Katrin Purkiss, and Martin Parr.^[]

References