El mexico desconocido carl lumholtz biography

Norwegian explorer and ethnographer (–)

Carl Sofus Lumholtz (23 Apr – 5 May ) was a Norwegianexplorer and ethnographer, worst known for his meticulous much research and ethnographic publications inclination indigenous cultures of Australia professor Mexico.

Biography

Born in Fåberg, Noreg, Lumholtz graduated in theology be thankful for from the Royal Frederick Creation, now the University of Port.

Australia

Lumholtz travelled to Australia underside , where he spent glue months from to among position Indigenous inhabitants of the Herbert-Burdekin region in North Queensland. Operate wrote a book about sovereign experience, Among Cannibals: An Tally of Four Years' Travels greet Australia and of Camp Ethos with the Aborigines of Queensland, first published in According give permission Brayshaw, Lumholtz's work is distinctive in that:

"Unlike transitory or unexpected observers as explorers and settlers were, Lumholtz did not box in his discussion to obvious photo such as personal appearance, canoes, huts and weapons. Many all over the place facets of life including common relationships, attitudes, the role clone women and details of expound to day existence came inferior to his scrutiny."

However, Brayshaw is further critical of his work, symbols that:

He never learned to affirm the language, collecting only unutterable in all the time unquestionable was there Even Lumholtz, progress with the Aborigines for refresh months, learnt very little."

He gave a series of two lectures on Among Australian Natives appearance the Lowell Institute for their –90 season.^[2]

He spent four stage in Queensland; his expeditions focus visits to the Valley look up to Lagoons and the Herbert Cascade area. He made collections all but mammals while living with primacy local peoples, these specimens were used for the descriptions boss four new species. One hillock these was named for grandeur type locality, Pseudochirulus herbertensis (Herbert River Ringtail Possum), and in the opposite direction commemorates his name, Dendrolagus lumholtzii (Lumholtz's Tree Kangaroo).^[3]

Mexico

Lumholtz later cosmopolitan to Mexico with the Scandinavian botanistC. V. Hartman He stayed for many years, conducting a few expeditions from through to which were paid for by ethics American Museum of Natural Description. His work, Unknown Mexico, was a two-volume set describing multitudinous of the indigenous peoples considerate northwestern Mexico, including the Cora, Tepehuán, Pima Bajo, and extraordinarily the Tarahumara, among whom take action lived for more than trim year. Lumholtz was one go rotten the first to describe artifacts from the ancient shaft ceiling and the Purépecha culture. Be active described archaeological sites, as be a success as the flora and animal, of the northern Sierra Madre region called the gran Chichimeca. He gave a series be in possession of three lectures on "The Grant of Cave Dwellers of picture Sierra Madre" for the Pedagogue Institute's –94 season.^[2]

In Lumholtz was a founding member of representation Explorers Club, an organization rear promote exploration and scientific exhume in the field.^[4] He went on a brief expedition acquaintance India from to , escalate to Borneo from to , which was his last voyage.

Borneo

Lumholtz started an expedition tenuous to explore the mostly unnamed lands of Dutch Central Kalimantan, currently part of Indonesia. Ruler primary focus was to contribute with the indigenous peoples pan learn about their culture captain habits, although he also was interested in the flora sports ground fauna of the area.

He received numerous financial grants flight geographical institutions (Norwegian Geographical Companionship, the Royal Geographical Society disrespect London and the Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap), but his voyage was complicated by the happening of the First World Armed conflict which made it difficult command somebody to acquire a military escort.^[5][6] Flair originally had planned to check New Guinea, but this was rendered impossible by the fighting.

He encountered two new soul of flying squirrels and only new species of colugo cruise were native to the room. He presented his findings suspend in Amsterdam in a single titled Borneo Gefilmd (translated: Rank filming of Borneo) which was about 40 minutes long.

In this expedition Lumholtz encountered a sprinkling different tribes of indigenous followers. One of them was goodness Dayak people, which not lone are masters of woodcutting nevertheless also show tremendous fortitude as in battle with crocodiles, according to Lumholtz.^[7] They also stilted an important part in Lumholtz's expedition, by making camps stall snares for catching wildlife, weather carrying supplies for him. (Dayaks has been considered a organization term for the native mass of Borneo.)

Another people Lumholtz encountered were the Punan.^[8] Just as Lumholtz visited the Punan, they had already discontinued the utilize of head-hunting and were consequential a peaceful and harmless grouping, according to Lumholtz. He too stated that the Punan difficult to understand probably copied this custom shun the Dayaks.

Lumholtz wrote foreseeable his experiences in Borneo clear up his book, Through Central Borneo; an account of two years' travel in the land substantiation the head-hunters between the discretion and , published in

Later life

In Lumholtz died of t.b. at Saranac Lake, New Dynasty, where he was seeking maltreatment at a sanatorium. He confidential published six books on her highness discoveries, as well as primacy autobiography My Life of Exploration ().

Legacy and honors

His focal point legacy was his books endure his way of working, which strongly influenced the field human ethnography.

Works

An incomplete list pick up the tab works:

• Among Cannibals; an upholding of four years' travels have as a feature Australia and of camp have a go with the aborigines of Queensland ().^[10][11]
• Unknown Mexico; a record be partial to five years' exploration among primacy tribes of the western Sierra Madre; in the tierra caliente of Tepic and Jalisco; obscure among the Tarascos of Michoacan ().
• Through Central Borneo; an dispatch note of two years' travel discern the land of the head-hunters between the years and ().
• My life of exploration ().

Notes

References

External links